Drupal node_save
Drupal node_save is the API available in Drupal 4-7 that must be used to insert or save a node. This API function can be called anywhere in the module or theme file like template.php and is available from the core.
An example usage can be seen in the example below:
<?php
$edit = array();
$edit['type'] = 'blog'; //type of the blog
$edit['uid'] = $user->uid;// user who would be called the creator of the node
$edit['promote'] = 1;
$edit['format'] = FILTER_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
$edit['status'] = 1;
$edit['title'] = 'Title of the node';
$edit['body'] = 'Description of the node';
node_validate($edit);
$node = node_submit($edit);
node_save($node);
?>Above code would save a new entry with title "Title of the node" of type 'blog'.
You can similarly update an existing node using drupal node_save as follows:
<?php
$node = node_load($nodeid);
$node->title = "Updated title";
node_validate($edit);
$node = node_submit($edit);
node_save($node);
?>You would notice couple of other related APIs above: node_load, node_validate and node_submit before actually doing node_save. Drupal node_load loads a node object from the database. Drupal node_validate performs validation checks on the given node. Drupal node_submit Prepare node for save (drupal node_save) and allow modules to make changes.
Some related details on node_save drupal can be had from the link.
In your second example, you use $edit without defining it. Should this be $node where you are using $edit?
<?php
$node = node_load($nodeid);
$node->title = "Updated title";
node_validate($node);
$node = node_submit($node);
node_save($node);
?>
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